一般將來時的用法及練習題

　　一、用will或shall表示。

　　“助動詞will或shall+動詞原形”這一形式，但shall 僅表示單純將來時，用于第一人稱I和we表示將來發生的事情，用于征求對方的意見或表示客氣的邀請。在口語中will用于所有人稱，書面語中第一人稱常用shall.如：

　　1. Tomorrow will be Sunday. 明天就是星期天。

　　2. The rain will stop soon. 雨很快就要停了。

　　3. Shall we go there at five? 我們五點鐘去那兒，好嗎?

　　4. Will you please open the door? 請你把門打開，好嗎?

　　will，shall可用來預言將來發生的事。如說出我們設想會發生的事，或者請對方預言將要發生什么事。例如：

　　It will rain tomorrow. 明天將要下雨。

　　will，shall除可表示單純的將來時以外，還可以帶有意愿的色彩，仍指的是將來。例如：

　　I'll buy you a bicycle for your birthday. 你過生日時，我給你買一輛自行車。(表示允諾)

　　Will you open the door for me please?請你幫我開門好嗎?(表示請求)

　　Shall I get your coat for you?我可以為你拿外套嗎?(表示提議)

　　二、用be going to結構表示。

　　1. 表示說話人根據現在已有的跡象，判斷將要或即將發生某種情況。這類句子的主語可以是人，也可是物。例如：

　　There is going to be a football match in our school tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我們學校將有一場足球賽

　　(已有告示)

　　I feel terrible.I think I'm going to die. 我感到難受極了，我想我快不行了。

　　Look at those black clouds!It's going to rain. 看看那些烏云!天快要下雨了。

　　2. 表示主語現在的意圖或現已作出的決定，即打算在最近或將來進行某事。這種意圖或決定往往是事先經過考慮的。例如：

　　He isn't going to see his elder brother tomorrow. 他明天不準備去看他哥哥。

　　Mary is going to be a teacher when she grows up. 瑪麗決定長大了當一名教師。

　　3. 只是單純地預測未來的事，此時可與will互換。例如：

　　I think it is going to/will rain this evening. 我認為今晚要下雨。

　　注意：

　　(1)be going to和will在含義和用法上略有不同。be going to往往表示事先經過考慮的打算;will多表示意愿、決心。兩者有時不能互換。例如：

　　He is studying hard and is going to try for the exams. 他正努力學習，準備參加考試。(不能用will替換)

　　—Can somebody help me? ——誰能幫我一下嗎?

　　—I will. ——我來。(不能用be going to替換)　　1. We’re going to meet outside the school gate. 我們打算在校門口見面。

　　Look! It’s going to rain. 瞧!快下雨了。

　　三、用現在進行時表示。

　　表示位置轉移的動詞(如go，come，leave，start，arrive，return，send，move，travel，fly等)和其它幾個動作動詞(如do，begin，work，spend，play，stay，happen，have，finish，join，eat，die，meet等)常與現在進行時和表示將來的時間狀語連用，表示在最近將要發生某事。這些事是事先安排好的。例如：

　　The Browns are coming to dinner tomorrow. 明天布朗夫婦要來吃晚飯。

　　What are you doing tomorrow?明天你做什么?

　　The train is arriving at nine o'clock. 火車將在九點鐘到。

　　在特定的上下文中，這類動詞有時也可不帶時間狀語。例如：

　　—Come to school in your old clothes tomorrow . 　——明天穿你的舊衣服來上學。

　　—Why?What's happening ?——為什么?有什么事?

　　四、用一般現在時表示。

　　1. 動詞be;表示位置轉移的動詞(如go，come，arrive，leave，return等

　　)和表示“開始，結束”的動詞(如start，begin，open，finish，end，close等)與一般現在時和表示將來的時間狀語連用，表示時間表、節目單或日程表上所安排好的動作或事態將要發生，日程不易改變，口氣肯定。例如：

　　School finishes on January 18th. 學期一月十八日結束。

　　Are you free next Tuesday evening?下周二晚上你有空嗎?

　　The party starts at four thirty，doesn't it?晚會四點半開始，是嗎?

　　Mr Green leaves Beijing for home tomorrow. 格林先生定于明天離京返家。

　　2. 在由when，before，as soon as，until/till引導的時間狀語從句和由if引導的條件狀語從句中，常用一般現在時表示將來。例如：

　　If it doesn't rain tomorrow，we’ll go to the East Lake. 如果明天不下雨，我們就去東湖。

　　I must finish my homework before my mother returns. 我必須在媽媽回來之前做完家庭作業。

　　3. 在hope后接表示將來時間的賓語從句中，也可用一般現在時代替一般將來時，hope的主語往往是第一人稱。例如：

　　I hope you(will)have a good holiday. 我希望你假日愉快。

　　I hope he comes(will come). 我希望他會來。

　　五、用“be+動詞不定式”或用“be about to +動詞原形”的結構表示。

　　如：

　　1. He is to visit Japan next year. 明年他將訪問日本。

　　2. They’re about to leave. (=They’re leaving.)他們就要走了。

　　一般將來時專項練習

　　一、單項選擇。

　　1. There __________ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.

　　A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be D. will go to be

　　2. Charlie ________ here next month.

　　A. isn’t working B. doesn’t working

　　C. isn’t going to working D. won’t work

　　3. He ________ very busy this week, he ________ free next week.

　　A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be

　　4. There ________ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.

　　A. was B. is going to haveC. will have D. is going to be

　　5. –________ you ________ free tomorrow?

　　– No. I ________ free the day after tomorrow.

　　A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be

　　6. Mother ________ me a nice present on my next birthday.

　　A. will gives B. will give C. gives D. give

　　7. – Shall I buy a cup of tea for you?

　　–________. (不，不要。)

　　A. No, you won’t. B. No, you aren’t.C. No, please don’t. D. No, please.

　　8. – Where is the morning paper?

　　– I ________ if for you at once.

　　A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get

　　9. ________ a concert next Saturday?

　　A. There will be B. Will there be C. There can be D. There are

　　10. If they come, we ________ a meeting.

　　A. have B. will have C. had D. would have

　　11. He ________ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday.

　　A. gives B. gave C. will giving D. is going to giving

　　12. He ________ to us as soon as he gets there.

　　A. writes B. has written C. will write D. wrote

　　13. He ________ in three days.

　　A. coming back B. came back C. will come back D. is going to coming back

　　14. If it ________ tomorrow, we’ll go roller-skating.

　　A. isn’t rain B. won’t rain C. doesn’t rain D. doesn’t fine

　　15. – Will his parents go to see the Terra Cotta Warriors tomorrow?

　　– No, ________ (不去).

　　A. they willn’t. B. they won’t.C. they aren’t. D. they don’t.

　　16. Who ________ we ________ swimming with tomorrow afternoon?

　　A. will; go B. do; goC. will; going D. shall; go

　　17. We ________ the work this way next time.

　　A. do B. will doC. going to do D. will doing

　　18. Tomorrow he ________ a kite in the open air first, and then ________ boating in the park.

　　A. will fly; will go B. will fly; goesC. is going to fly; will goesD. flies; will go

　　19. The day after tomorrow they ________ a volleyball match.

　　A. will watching B. watchesC. is watching D. is going to watch

　　20. There ________ a birthday party this Sunday.

　　A. shall be B. will beC. shall going to be D. will going to be

　　21. They ________ an English evening next Sunday.

　　A. are having B. are going to haveC. will having D. is going to have

　　22. ________ you ________ free next Sunday?

　　A. Will; are B. Will; beC. Do; be D. Are; be

　　23. He ________ there at ten tomorrow morning.

　　A. will B. is C. will be D. be

　　24. ________ your brother ________ a magazine from the library?

　　A. Are; going to borrow B. Is; going to borrowC. Will; borrows D. Are; going to borrows

　　25. – Shall I come again tomorrow afternoon?

　　–________ (好的).

　　A. Yes, please B. Yes, you will. C. No, please. D. No, you won’t.

　　26. It ________ the year of the horse next year.

　　A. is going to be B. is going to C. will be D. will is

　　27. ________ open the window?

　　A. Will you please B. Please will you C. You please D. Do you

　　28. – Let’s go out to play football, shall we?

　　– OK. I ________.

　　A. will coming B. be going to come C. come D. am coming

　　29. It ________ us a long time to learn English well.

　　A. takes B. will take C. spends D. will spend

　　30. The train ________ at 11.

　　A. going to arrive B. will be arrive C. is going to D. is arriving

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