國際化導向高校人才引進政策評估論文

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國際化導向高校人才引進政策評估論文

　　中文摘要

國際化導向高校人才引進政策評估論文

　　隨著知識經濟的全球化發展，世界各國政治、文化、科技都相繼走向國際化，因而我們需從國際競爭力的角度重新審視我們的高等教育。近年來我國高等教育實現了歷史性跨越發展，正在從高等教育大國向高等教育強國邁進，發展的導向是建設若干所世界一流大學和一批國際知名的高水平大學。為實現該目標，我國各高校都在積極探索提高高等教育水平、提升高校國際化水平的改革之路。其中，被國內外廣泛認可的戰略發展關鍵因素是建設一支國際化高水平的教師隊伍，教師隊伍國際化是高校國際化的必然要求。

　　現階段相對于世界一流高校，我國高校的國際化人才尚相當匱乏。為改變這種局面，中央、各省市實施了多項舉措，出臺了多類人才引進支持計劃，以吸引更多海外優秀人才回國工作。以這些支持計劃為依托，結合自身特點，各高校制定并正在實施多項國際化導向的人才引進政策。這些政策是具有國際化導向的公共政策，因而十分有必要對其開展評估研究。通過對國際化導向的高校人才引進政策的制定過程、執行過程及政策影響等方面進行評估，能夠在政策制定過程中有機地實現決策科學化與民主化這一對矛盾的辯證統一，能夠及時發現執行中存在的問題并迅速加以調整，能夠為政策是否延續、變更或停止提供依據，對新的人才引進政策的制定和創新提供借鑒參考。

　　基于對政策評估理論的理解分析，本文認為政策評估是：通過制定科學的評估標準，選擇恰當的評估方法，對政策的制定過程、執行過程、實施效果的全方位綜合考評，并給予評價、判斷和總結的行為活動。在政策評估的實施過程中，可以針對不同的評估主體、評估目標和評估現狀，在對評估方法和標準進行選擇和取舍的基礎上，對評估對象的某個階段、某幾個階段或整體進行單次、多次或持續的評估。目前，國內外對高校國際化導向的人才引進政策的評估研究工作開展較少，取得的評估研究成果則更少。因此，本文針對上海高校（四所 985 高校）國際化導向的人才引進政策進行梳理，分析了這一系列政策的特征，結合政策評估的新趨勢構建了上海高校國際化導向人才引進政策的評估機制，分析在對高校國際化導向的人才引進政策的制定過程、執行結果、實施效果等方面所涉及的評估要素，選取相應的評估標準、評估模型和評估方法。本文主要包括以下內容：

　　1、在政策制定過程中從形式維度進行評估，考慮政策所涉及不同人群的民主性和多元利益平衡性、該政策與其它政策法規的系統性，以此為評估要素確定相關評估標準，選擇利益相關人模型為評估模型。

　　2、在政策執行過程中從目標達成維度進行評估，該維度包括數據變化和政策效果兩方面。在數據變化的評估中以師資數據變化作為評估要素，選擇目標獲取模型作為評估模型。在政策效果的評估中以執行政策后高校在人才培養、科技創新、社會服務、文化傳承創新等方面的變化為評估要素，選擇綜合評估模型為評估模型，考察政策執行的效果。

　　3、在政策的實施影響方面從政策效應維度進行評估，考慮政策實施后所產生的預期和非預期、積極與消極的多方面影響，以政策實施影響對政策制定者和執行者、高校自身和社會、國內和國際影響等多種影響為評估要素，選取反映該影響的具體指標作為評估標準，選擇側面影響評估模型和自由目標評估模型進行評估。

　　關鍵詞：人才引進政策;國際化導向;上海高校;政策評估

　　Abstract

　　With the development of the globalization of knowledge economy, politics,culture, science and technology in all countries of the world have to go global, weneed new look from the perspective of international competitiveness of our highereducation. In recent years, Chinas higher education has achieved a historic leapforward development, is from the big country of higher education to a powerfulnation.One major goal of the development and reform of education is to build anumber of world-class universities and a number of internationally renowneduniversities in China.To achieve this goal, Chinese universities are exploring differentways to improve their higher education and internationalization.One widely acceptedway is to build international faculty of high quality, since such faculty is primarilyrequired by university internationalization and it is completely an importantguarantee for building world first-class universities.

　　At present when compared to world first-class universities, Chinese universitiesare still in great shortage of international faculty. To change this situation, Chinesecentral and local governments have issued a number of talent plans with an intentionof attracting outstanding overseas talents to come back and workdomestically.Accordingly, many universities started dedicatedinternationalization-oriented talent introduction policies based on these talent plansto recruit excellent new faculty. As belonging to public policies, these policies deserveserious evaluation. The evaluation for them is necessary and quite crucial forscientific and democratic decisions making, flaws detecting in implementation andquick adjustment etc., all of which ensure that the policies are implemented correctlyand efficiently. Moreover, the evaluation can be used to decide whether or not weshould keep the policies running and even provide reference for new talent andinnovation policies issuing.

　　Though such evaluation is of great importance, currently there are rarely studiesfocusing on this topic, neither are the known results on it. Thus this thesis focuses onthis topic and is devoted mainly to building an assessing mechanism forinternationalization-oriented university talent introduction policies.The mainproblems investigated in this thesis include how to choose evaluation factors for thedifference phases of such policies and how to select the reasonable evaluationcriteria and pick the evaluation models correspondingly.

　　This thesis is organized as follows. First, we state the current status ofinternationalization of Chinese universities. Second, we survey someinternationalization-oriented university talent introduction policies and then presentfurther analysis. The major part of the thesis is an establishment of the evaluationmechanism for internationalization-oriented university talent recruiting policies. Ourmain results are as follows:

　　1. In the making phase of such policies, we propose to carry out the evaluationfrom the form dimension, regarding the democracy and pluralistic interest balance ofdifferent people, and the relations between the policies being assessed and laws aswell as existing policies as assessing factors, selecting related evaluation criteria andthen picking the stakeholder model as the evaluation model.

　　2. In the policy implementation phase, we put forward to do the evaluationfrom the target acquisition dimension, which consists of two aspects of data changeand policy influence. In the evaluation of data change, we propose to choose datachange of faculty as the assessing factor, and select faculty structure and quality asevaluation criteria and pick the gola-attainment model as the evaluation model.Inthe evaluation of policy influence, we bring forward to choose education, innovation,social serving and cultural inheritance as assessing factors,and select correspondingevaluation criteria and pick the comprehensive model as the evaluation model.

　　3. In the evaluation of policy effects,we propose to perform the evaluation fromthe policy effect dimension,considering those expected and unexpected, positive andnegative effects of the policies etc. We put forward to choose the effects on policymakers, policy-executers, universities and domestic and international societies asassessing factors, and select corresponding assessing criteria and pick the side-effectsmodel and the goal-free model as the evaluation models.

　　Key words:Talent Introduction Policy;International Orientation;Universities inShanghai;Policy Evaluation

　　摘要

　　ABSTRACT

　　1 緒論

　　1.1 研究背景

　　1.1.1 我國高校國際化戰略問題的提出

　　1.1.2 我國高校國際化的現狀分析

　　1.1.3 我國高校國際化的角色定位和戰略定位

　　1.1.4 完善國際化導向的人才引進政策是我國高校發展的必然選擇

　　1.2 研究綜述

　　1.2.1 政策評估的內涵

　　1.2.2 政策評估國內外研究現狀