英語四級考試試題及答案
Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.
What determines the kind of person you are? What factors make you more or less bold, intelligent, or able to read a map? All of these are influenced by the interaction of your genes and the environment in which you were 47 . The study of how genes and environment interact to influence 48 activity is known as behavioral genetics. Behavioral genetics has made important 49 to the biological revolution, providing information about the extent to which biology influences mind, brain and behavior.
Any research that suggests that 50 to perform certain behaviors are based in biology is controversial. Who wants to be told that there are limitations to what you can 51 based on something that is beyond your control, such as your genes? It is easy to accept that genes control physical characteristics such as sex, race and eye color. But can genes also determine whether people will get divorced, how 52 they are, or what career they are likely to choose? A concern of psychological scientists is the 53 to which all of these characteristics are influenced by nature and nurture(養育), by genetic makeup and the environment. Increasingly, science 54 that genes lay the groundwork for many human traits. From this perspective, people are born 55 like undeveloped photographs: The image is already captured, but the way it 56 appears can vary based on the development process. However, the basic picture is there from the beginning.
[A] abilities [I] extent
[B] achieve [J] indicates
[C] appeal [K] proceeds
[D] complaints [L] psychological
[E] contributions [M] raised
[F] displayed [N] smart
[G] essentially [O] standard
[H] eventually
參考答案：
47. M) raised
48. L) psychological
49. E) contributions
50. A) abilities
51. B) achieve
52. N) smart
53. I) extent
54. J) indicates
55. G) essentially
56. H) eventually
47. raise在這里的意思是“養育”，the environment in which you were raised 意思是“你成長的環境”。
48. "psychological activity"意思是“心理活動”，全句意思是“研究基因和外部環境如何相互作用影響人心理活動的學科被稱為行為遺傳學”。
49. “make contributions to”為固定搭配，意為“為……做貢獻”。
50. “ability to …”意思是“做某事的能力”，在此處，全句意思是“任何一篇宣稱人類做出某種行為的能力是基于生物學的研究都是有爭議的”。
51. "limitations to what you can achieve"意思是“對你所能達到的水平的限制”。
52. 此處需填一個形容詞，而且用來形容人，根據題意，smart符合題意，表示“機靈，可愛”。
53. 此處填extent，主要是因為后面有to，“to the extent …”譯為“……的程度”。
54. indicate 意思是“表明，顯示”。全句意為“越來越多的科學(現象)表明基因對人類很多特征有基礎作用”。
55. essentially 的意思是“實際上，本質上”。全句意為“從這個角度來講，人一出生，本質上就像是還沒洗出來的照片：相已經照了，但是最終會呈現多少就在于顯影的過程了”。
56. eventually 副詞，意思是“最終，最后”。
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