春節起源是什么

　　在春節期間，我國的漢族和一些少數民族都要舉行各種慶祝活動。以下是小編收集的春節起源，歡迎查看！

　　春節起源1

　　我國農歷年的歲首稱為春節。是我國人民最隆重的傳統節日，也象征團結、興旺，對未來寄托新的希望的佳節。據記載，我國人民過春節已有4000多年的歷史。關于春節的起源有很多說法。

　　相關來歷我國歷代元旦的日期并不一致：夏朝用孟春的元月為正月，商朝用臘月（十二月）為正月。秦始皇統一六國后以十月為正月，漢朝初期沿用秦歷。公元前104年（元封六年），經司馬遷等人提議，漢武帝下令改定歷法。公元前104年，天文學家落下閎等人制訂了《太初歷》，將原來以十月為歲首改為以孟春正月為歲首，后人在此基本上逐漸完善為我們當今使用的陰歷（即農歷），落下閎也被稱為“春節老人”。此后我國一直沿用夏歷（陰歷，又稱農歷）紀年，直到清朝末年，長達2080年。春節不同時代有不同名稱。在先秦時叫“上日”、“元日”、“改歲”、“獻歲”等；到了兩漢時期，又被叫為“三朝”、“歲旦”、“正旦”、“正日”；魏晉南北朝時稱為“元辰”、“元日”、“元首”、 “歲朝”等；到了唐宋元明，則稱為“元旦”、“元 ”、“歲日”、“新正”、“新元”等；而清代，一直叫“元旦”或“元日”。

　　現代民間習慣上把過春節又叫做過年。其實，年和春節的起源是很不相同的。

　　那么"年"究竟是怎么樣來的呢？民間主要有兩種說法：一種說的是，古時候，有一種叫做"年"的兇猛怪獸，每到臘月三十，便竄村挨戶，覓食人肉，殘害生靈。有一個臘月三十晚上，"年"到了一個村莊，適逢兩個牧童在比賽牛鞭子。"年"忽聞半空中響起了啪啪的鞭聲，嚇得望風而逃。它竄到另一個村莊，又迎頭望到了一家門口曬著件大紅衣裳，它不知其為何物，嚇得趕緊掉頭逃跑。后來它又來到了一個村莊，朝一戶人家門里一瞧，只見里面燈火輝煌，刺得它頭昏眼花，只好又夾著尾巴溜了。人們由此摸準了"年"有怕響，怕紅，怕光的弱點，便想到許多抵御它的方法，如放炮竹，于是逐漸演化成今天過年的風俗。

　　另一種說法，我國古代的字書把"年"字放禾部，以示風調雨順，五谷豐登。由于谷禾一般都是一年一熟。所"年"便被引申為歲名了。

　　春節起源2

　　春節，是農歷的歲首，也是我國古老的傳統節日。古代過“年”不是在臘月二十九日或三十日，而是在“蠟日”，即后來的“臘八”。南北朝以后，把“蠟祭”移至歲末。到了民國時 ，改用陽歷，才把陰歷年叫“春節”，因為春節一般都在“立春”前后。

　　春節是我國最盛大、最熱鬧的.一個古老傳統節日。俗稱“過年”。按照我國農歷，正月初一古稱元日、元辰、元正、元朔、元旦等，俗稱年初一，還有上日、正朝、三朔、三朝、三始、三元等別稱，意即正月初一是年、月、日三者的開始。

　　春節，顧名思義就是春天的節日。春天來臨，萬象更新，新一輪播種和收獲季節又要開始。 人們有足夠的理由載歌載舞來迎接這個節日。于是，節前就在門臉上貼上紅紙黃字的新年寄語。

　　春節的另一名稱叫過年。“年”是什么呢?是一種為人們帶來壞運氣的想象中的動物。“年”一來。樹木凋蔽，百草不生;“年”一“過”，萬物生長，鮮花遍地。“年”如何才能過去呢?需用炮竹轟 ，于是有了燃炮竹的習俗。1993年，北京市人民政府頒布了禁放煙花爆竹的法律，使這一沿續了幾百年的習俗成為歷史。

　　春節是個親人團聚的節日，這一點和西方的圣誕節很相似。離家的孩子這時要不遠千里回到父母家里。真正過年的前一夜叫“除夕”，又叫“團圓夜”，“團年”。傳統的慶祝活動則從除夕一直持續到正月十五元宵節。喜慶氣氛要持續一個月。 正月初一前有祭灶、祭祖、 掃除污穢。三十日要貼門神、春聯、掛旗、吃餃子、放炮竹，除夕“守歲”等 儀 式;正月初一晚輩向長輩拜年，然后至親友家賀年。親友第一次見面時，說些“恭賀新喜”、“恭喜發財”、“恭喜”、“過年好”等話，互相祝賀。

　　英文版

　　The Origin of Chinese New Year

　　The Chinese New Year is now popularly known as the Spring Festival because it starts from the Begining of Spring (the first of the twenty-four terms in coodination with the changes of Nature). Its origin is too old to be traced. Several explanations are hanging around. All agree, however, that the word Nian, which in modern Chinese solely means "year", was originally the name of a monster beast that started to prey on people the night before the beginning of a new year.

　　One legend goes that the beast Nian had a very big mouth that would swallow a great many people with one bite. People were very scared. One day, an old man came to their rescue, offering to subdue Nian. To Nian he said, "I hear say that you are very capable, but can you swallow the other beasts of prey on earth instead of people who are by no means of your worthy opponents?" So, it did swallow many of the beasts of prey on earth that also harrassed people and their domestic animals from time to time.

　　After that, the old man disappeared riding the beast Nian. He turned out to be an immortal god. Now that Nian is gone and other beasts of prey are also scared into forests, people begin to enjoy their peaceful life. Before the old man left, he had told people to put up red paper decorations on their windows and doors at each year's end to scare away Nian in case it sneaked back again, because red is the color the beast feared the most.From then on, the tradition of observing the conquest of Nian is carried on from generation to generation. The term "Guo Nian", which may mean "Survive the Nian" becomes today "Celebrate the (New) Year" as the word "guo" in Chinese having both the meaning of "pass-over" and "observe". The custom of putting up red paper and firing fire-crackers to scare away Nian should it have a chance to run loose is still around. However, people today have long forgotten why they are doing all this, except that they feel the color and the sound add to the excitement of the celebration.

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