That的具體用法
that可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句、定語從句,其具體用法如下：
一、that引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)(即主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句、同位語從句),在從句中無具體含義,只起連接作用,而且在從句中也不作任何句子成分.它所引導(dǎo)的從句的句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意義是完整的,而且從句一般是陳述一個(gè)事實(shí).
例如:
①That she was able to come made us very happy.
她能來使我們很高興.
②The news that our team has won the match is true.
我們隊(duì)贏了這場比賽的消息是真的.
③The reason he didn't come was that he was ill.
他沒來的原因是他病了.
當(dāng)that引導(dǎo)的主語從句或賓語從句太長時(shí),常用it作形式主語或賓語而把that從句放在后面.如:
①It is well—known that the earth is round.
眾所周知,地球是圓的.
②We find it necessary that we practise spoken English every day.
我們發(fā)現(xiàn)每天練習(xí)英語口語很有必要.
注意：
that引導(dǎo)的主語從句,表語從句以及同位語中,that不能省略.that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句,一般可以省去that,但在下面情況中不能省略——
1.在suggest,order等表示命令、請求、建議等動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句中,不能省;
2.由and或but所連接的兩個(gè)引導(dǎo)的賓語從句時(shí),第一個(gè)從句中的`that可以省,第二個(gè)從句中的that不能省;
3.that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句,如果從句中還有其他狀語從句,引導(dǎo)賓語從句的that不能省略.
Tell him that if he is at home,I'll call to see him.
二,that引導(dǎo)定語從句要注意以下幾點(diǎn):
1.定語從句中缺主語,修飾人時(shí)用who /that,修飾物時(shí)用which /that引導(dǎo).如:
Is this the factory which /that makes TV sets
The man who /that visited our school is from Australia.
2.從句中缺賓語,修飾人時(shí)用 who /whom /that或省略引導(dǎo)詞;修飾物時(shí)用which /that或省略引導(dǎo)詞.如:
Gone are the days which /that we spent together in the village.
He is the man who /whom /that I think to be worthy of our praise.
3.用that不用which的七種情況:
①先行詞前有形容詞最高級或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí),用 that不用which引導(dǎo).如:
This is the best place that I have ever visited.
②先行詞為little,much,all,none,few,(the)one,something,everything,nothing,anything等不定代詞時(shí),用that引導(dǎo).如:
There is nothing in the world that can frighten him.
③先行詞既有指人的名詞又有指物的名詞時(shí),用 that引導(dǎo).如:
He told us about the people and the cities that he had visited.
④先行詞前有any,all,no,few,every,some,little,much,(the)very,(the)only,(the)last等詞修飾時(shí),用 that引導(dǎo).如:
This is the very coat that I need.
⑤先行詞為which時(shí),為了避免重復(fù),用that引導(dǎo).如:
Which is the book that you bought yesterday
⑥先行詞在從句中作表語時(shí),常用that引導(dǎo).如:
Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be in the 1930's.
⑦當(dāng)主句是There be...句型時(shí),用that引導(dǎo).
There are two tickets for the film that are for you two.
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